WE CAN SHOW INDIAN
HISTORY IN SOME STEPS
ANCIENT
INDIA
THE EARLIEST KNOWN CIVILIZATION IN INDIA IS CALLED INDUS VALLEY
CIVILIZATION . THIS CIVILIZATION BELONG TO CHALCOLITHIC
AGE - AN AGE IN WHICH WEAPONS AND UTENSILS OF STONE, COPPER,
BRONZE WERE IN USE . EXCAVATIONS AT HARRAPA (PAKISTAN) AND MOHENJODRO(SIND - PAKISTAN) ,
JOHN MARSHELL SUGGESTS 325BC AS THE DATE OF THIS CIVILIZATION. THE FEATURES OF THIS
CIVILIZATION ARE
a) IT WAS URBAN CIVILIZATION.
b) PEOPLE PRACTISED AGRICULTURE.
c) GOLD, SILVER & IVORY ORNAMENTS WERE USED .
d) PEOPLE WORKSHIP TREES,PHALLIC STONES, & MOTHER GODDES
e) AR T OF WRITTING WAS WELL DEVELOPED
f) IT RESEMBLES SUMERIAN CULTURE NOT ARYAN.
DYNASTY PERIOD
THIS PERIOD IS FROM MURYA DYNASTY TO MUGHAL DYNASTY AND THIS PERIOD
IS ALSO CONSISTS OF DOWN AND FALL OF EMPERORS.
MAURYA DYNASTY & GUPTA DYNASTY , CHALUKAYAS , THE PALLAVAS , CHOLAS, & THE
RAJPUTS ARE MAIN ATTRACTION OF THIS ERA AS WELL AS CHANDRA GUPT MAURYA , ASHOK , CHANDRA
GUPT, HARSHA VARDHAN , JAI CHANDRA , PRITVIRAJ CHAUHAN , WERE SOME IMPORTANT RULERS
OF INDIA BEFORE MUSLIM PERIOD.
SULTAN MAHMUD OF GHAZNI & MOHAMMAD GHORI WERE THE FOUNDER OF ISLAMIC EMPIRE IN INDIA . THE SLAVE DYNASTY, KHILJI DYNASTY , TUGLAK
DYNASTY , LODHIS & MUGHAL DYNASTY WERE SOME IMPOTANT DYNASTIES OF THIS ERA AS WELL AS
SOME RULERS LIKE SHIVAJI (MARATHAS) , HADIER & TIPU SULTAN ETC ARE MAIN HEROIS
OF THIS ERA.
THIS PERIOD WAS ALSO THE PERIOD OF SCIENCE ART & CULTURE
KABIR , RAMANAND , CHAITANYA , JAIDEV , CHANAKYA , KALIDAS , TULSIDAS , SURDAS,FAZZI ,
BIRBAL , GHALIB ARE SOME STARS OF ART & CULTURE.
SCIENTS LIKE VARAHMIVIR , BRAHMGUPT , DHANVANTRI , BANABHATT .
AND ALSO GREAT ART & CULTURE LOVING EMPEROR LIKE AKBAR THE GREAT , JEHANGIR ,
SHAHJAHAN.
BHADUR SHAH JAFFAR IS THE LAST EMPEROR OF INDIA AFTER FAILURE OF FIRST WAR
INDDEPENDENCE
HE WAS DEPOSED TO RANGOON BY BRITISH EMPIRE.
MODERN INDIA
THIS PERIOD START FROM AFTER THE FAILURE OF FIRST INDIAN INDEPENDENCE BUT
THE EFFECT OF EUROPEANS ARE MAIN ATTRACTION OF THIS ERA .THIS PERIOD CAN BE DIVIDED INTO
TWO PERIOD
1) BRITISH RULE ON DELHI.
2) INDEPENDENT NATION
1) THE FOUNDER STONE OF EUROPEAN EMPIRE LAID BY PORTUGESE. AFTER DUTCH ,
FRENCH , BRITISH CAME HERE AND FORMED THEIR COLONIES. VASCO DA GAMA WAS THE FIRST EUROPEAN
WHO DISCOVERED SEA ROUTE TO INDIA.
BRITISHERS RULED OVER DIFFERENT PARTS OF INDIA BUT AFTER THE FAILURE OF FIRST FREEDOM
STRUGGLE THEY BECAME THE OFFICIAL RULERS OF INDIA TILL 15 AUGUST 1947.
2) THE SECOND FACE OF THIS ERA IS FREEDOM STRUGGLE OF INDIA. FIRST MOVEMENT WAS THE
MOVEMENT OF RAJAS, NAWABS UNDER THE FLAG OF OLD EMPEROR BHADUR SHAH GAFFAR. RANI LAXMI BAI
, TATYA TOPE ,NANA SHAHIB, BEGUM HAZRAT MAHAL WAS SOME HEROIS OF THIS STRUGGLE. AFTER THE
FAILURE OF THIS MOVEMENT BRITISH BECAME THE OFFICIAL RULERS OFINDIA.
IN SECOND PHASE OF FREEDOM STRUGGLE NATIONLIST CAME IN FRONT OF BRITISH EMPIRE.FORMATION
OF INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS.LEGEL STRUGGLE OF GANDHIJI , NEHRU SARDAR PATEL , MOLANA
AZAD TYPED PERSONS AS WELL AS POWER STRUGGLE OF NETAJI SUBASH CHANDRA BOSE , BHAGAT SINGH
, CHANDRASHEKAR TYPED PERSONS. AT LAST INDIA GOT FREEDOM BUT SOME FREEDOM FIGHTER LIKE
MOHAMMAD ALI GINNA BECAME RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALIST AND DEMANDED SEPARATE NATION . DUE TO
SOME POLICIES OF BRITISH EMPIRE INDIA DIVIDED INTO TWO NATIONS
INDIA & PAKISTAN .
14TH AUGUST 1947 -THE BLACK DAY IN INDIAN HISTORY- THE DIVISION DAY OF INDIA.BUT INDIA GOT
FREE ON 15TH AUGUST 1947.AND WE STARTED NEW JOURNEY TOWARDS PEACE & LOVE.
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